被动语态 英语

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这位同学 有打字的功夫 把下面看完 看会 好不？
然后马上做题 不懂再问我

中考英语被动语态完全手册

一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.

谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)

The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught

一般过去时：was／were＋taught

一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught

过去进行时：have／has been＋taught

现在完成时：have／has been＋taught

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：

Some new computers were stolen last night.

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；

动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

All the people laughed at him.

He was laughed at by all people.

They make the bikes in the factory.

The bikes are madeby themin the factory.

歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：

We can repair this watch in two days.

This watch can be repaired in two days.

You ought to take it away.

It ought to be taken away.

They should do it at once.

It should be done at once.追问第一，我今年刚初一。第二，我都做完了只是想找专家看看对不对……谢谢你的好心哦

追答别客气

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1.everyone likes this song
This song__is__ ___liked____by everyong
2.they use this room for playing table tennis
This room__is_____ __used_____for palying table tennis
3.we planted these trees in 2005
These trees__were_____ ___planted____ in 2005
4.Bell invented the telephone in 1876
The telephone__was_____ ___invented____ __by_____ Bell in 1876
5.she looked after the children quite well
The children__was____ __looked_____ __after_____ quite well
6.Li Ping was ill.his mother sent him to hospital at once
he__was_____ ___sent____ to hospital at once
7.we would listen to the teacher carefully in class
The teacher__was_____ _listened______ __to_____ ___carefully____ in class
8.do you often clean your room
__Is_____ your room often___cleaned___ by you
9.will they show a new film next week
___Will____ a new film___be____ __shown_____ next week
10.have you posted the letters yet
__Have_____the letters __been_____ ___posted____yet
11.we must water the flowers everyday,or they’ll die
The flowers __must_____ ___be____ __watered_____every day,or they’ll die
12.I took these photos on the Great Wall last week
These photos __were_____ __taken_____on the Great Wall last week

热心网友

1.everyone likes this song
This song___is____ ___liked____by everyong
2.they use this room for playing table tennis
This room____is___ ___used____for palying table tennis
3.we planted these trees in 2005
These trees___are____ ___planted____ in 2005
4.Bell invented the telephone in 1876
The telephone___was____ ___invented____ ____by___ Bell in 1876
5.she looked after the children quite well
The children____were___ ___looked____ ___after____ quite well
6.Li Ping was ill.his mother sent him to hospital at once
he___was____ ____sent___ to hospital at once
7.we would listen to the teacher carefully in class
The teacher___would____ ___be____ ____listened___ ___carefully____ in class
8.do you often clean your room
___Does____ your room often___cleaned____ by you
9.will they show a new film next week
___Will____ a new film___be____ ___shown____ next week
10.have you posted the letters yet
____Have___the letters ___been____ ___posted____yet
11.we must water the flowers everyday,or they’ll die
The flowers ____must ___ ____be___ ___watered____every day,or they’ll die
12.I took these photos on the Great Wall last week
These photos ___were____ ___taken____on the Great Wall last week

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is used
were planted
was invented by
were looked after
was sent
was listened to carefully
is cleaned
will be shown
have been posted
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