The Mutianyu Great Wall, located in the Huairou District of Beijing, was built by Zhu Yuanzhang, the grand commander of the Huairou, on the site of the the Great Wall in the 1368. It is the essence of the Ming Dynasty's the Great Wall. It is 73 kilometers away from the urban area of Beijing, with a total length of 5400 meters. It is the longest Great Wall in China. It is also one of the 16 famous scenic spots in Beijing and a national AAAAA tourist area. In the scenic area, there are many mountains with a vegetation coverage rate of more than 90%. Most of them are built on the steep cliffs outside the scenic area. This section of the great wall connects Gubeikou in the East and Juyongguan in the West. Since ancient times, it has been a military stronghold to defend the capital. There are many famous landscapes, such as zhengguantai, dajiaolou, yingfeidaoyang and so on. The wall of the Great Wall remains intact, which better reflects the ancient charm of the Great Wall. In the scenic spot, there are domestic first-class cable cars, Chinese dream stone city, shibide slide and other projects, forming an organic combination of Great Wall culture, stone culture and sports fitness and entertainment. Former British Prime Minister Major, former US President Clinton and many other foreign leaders have visited the great wall of Mutianyu.
Mutianyu Great Wall tourist area is surrounded by mountains with beautiful scenery. In spring, the flowers are blooming; in summer, the mountains are green and the water is flowing; in autumn, the mountains are covered with red leaves and fruits; in winter, the mountains are covered with snow and snow, and the scenery of northern China is so beautiful that it enjoys the reputation of "the unique show of Mutianyu on the Great Wall" at home and abroad.
Mutianyu Great Wall has a long history and splendid culture. It has a certain popularity and influence in Beijing and even the whole country. Especially after the 20xx Olympic Games, the popularity and reputation in the world has been effectively improved. It is precipitous and rugged, like a giant dragon flying. It was rated as one of the 16 scenic spots in Beijing in 1987, the top tourist spot in Beijing in 1992, 4A scenic spot in 20xx and 5A scenic spot in 20xx.
Mutianyu used to be a small mountain village, located in beixinying township (now Bohai town) of Huairou County, where the mountains are undulating and the trees are luxuriant. The Great Wall winds from southeast to northwest on the top of the mountains. Because the mountain is gentle and steep, with alternating curves and straight lines, it is very three-dimensional. Due to the important geographical location of Mutianyu, it is known as "Weiling Xiongguan". The Mutianyu pass was one of the important gates that supported the capital and imperial mausoleum in Ming Dynasty. There were many wars here. The great wall of Mutianyu is connected with Juyongguan in the West and Gubeikou in the East. It is the eastern section of Huanghua Town, the north gate of the capital. It has been known as the northern barrier of Gongwei capital and imperial mausoleum since ancient times, and Mutianyu pass is one of the important gates supporting the capital and imperial mausoleum in Ming Dynasty.
During the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577 AD), the Great Wall was built in Mutianyu. In the early Ming Dynasty, the great wall of Mutianyu was built by Xu Da, a general under Zhu Yuanzhang (who was once named Zhongshan king, also known as Zhongshan), on the site of the great wall of the Northern Qi Dynasty. (according to the records of Qian'an County in the 12th year of Tongzhi: "in the early Ming Dynasty, Xu Zhongshan built a border wall, which reached Mutianyu from the mountain customs in the West. It was more than 1700 Li, and the border defense was dense."
In 1404 ad (the second year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty), the "Mutianyu pass" was built. (see page 153 2466, Volume 153, frontier barrier, a study of the past and the future).
In 1569 (the third year of Longqing), Qi Jiguang, a famous general of emperor Mu Zong of the Ming Dynasty, specially appointed to fight against Japanese invaders, led the army to renovate the two thousand li Great Wall, including the Mutianyu section. As of 20xx, the Great Wall preserved in Mutianyu is one of the best preserved sites of the great wall of the Ming Dynasty.
Mutianyu Great Wall is mostly built on the steep side of the cliff. It is close to the mountain to control the disaster. The wall is 78 meters high and the top of the wall is 45 meters wide. The main building material is granite, which is majestic and solid. On both sides of the top of the wall are built low wall crenels, which can resist the enemy on both sides. On the outside, there are horse blocking pits, which make the defense function more perfect. On both sides of the top of the wall are crenels about 5 feet long, more than 1 foot thick and more than 2 feet high. Both sides of the door are raised along the ridge and turn over with the mountain. The crenels in these areas are not rectangular, but serrated. The shooting hole is built below the crenel. It is not a round hole, but a square hole with an arc at the top.
There is also a fort in the dangerous place. There is also a "Branch City" on the Great Wall. The so-called "Zhicheng" refers to the construction of a section of the Great Wall with high ridges and ridges on the inside and outside of the Great Wall. The length of the section varies from several meters to tens of meters, and there are enemy towers built here. The local people call it "Dao Ba Lou". In the Ming Dynasty, when the Mutianyu Great Wall was rebuilt, crenels were added on both sides of the top of the wall, and at the same time, rolling wood stone and Thunder Stone holes were set up to attack and defend. The construction of "Dao Ba Lou" can control the commanding height and reduce the threat to the main city. Starting from the left side of zhengguantai, the great wall of Mutianyu turns over with the mountains and runs to the distance.
The Great Wall stretches straight from the mountainside to the top of the mountain. After setting up an enemy tower on the top of the mountain, it suddenly descends, turns down to the mountainside, and suddenly rises again until it reaches an altitude of more than 940 meters. It makes a big bend. Its shape is similar to the horns of a cow. It is vigorous and powerful. People call it "the edge of the horns of a cow". The great wall extends from "niujiaobian" to a place called "Jiankou". Here is a mountain with an altitude of 1044 meters and steep sides. When building the Great Wall, we must pass through the cliffs outside the top of the mountain, but we can't leave this commanding height outside. Obviously, we can't use bricks, stones and wood. So the clever craftsmen used two big iron beams to support the cliff, and then built bricks and stones on it. This method is extremely rare in the history of the construction of the Great Wall.
Originally, the great wall extended to the northeast along the mountain. However, when it reached an enemy tower, it suddenly separated a lot of more than 1000 meters and opened a new way to the southeast. At the end of the mountain, it suddenly stopped. At the end of the mountain, a very strong and magnificent enemy tower was built. This section of the Great Wall, more than 1000 meters long, is known as "the edge of the bald tail". In this way, the great wall here forms a landscape of three great walls converging on the first floor, and "three extreme views of the dragon". On both sides of the "cattle horn side" of the Mutianyu Great Wall, there is a section of the great wall called "arrow buckle" and "eagle flying upside down". All the walls are built on the exposed rock cliffs. The slope of the Great Wall is about 50 degrees. One section of the wall is nearly 90 degrees, almost vertical, and the steps are only a few feet wide. The non brave dare not set foot in it.
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