高考英语复习：阅读理解(二)

高考英语复习：阅读理解（二）

4. 根据同义、近义、并列、替代、说明等关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。 例如：（05 江苏卷E段）William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.”

The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means . A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy

句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了 a mingled yarn的意义，据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是：“混合的，交织的”，答案是：B。

（04 湖北卷C段）Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. 根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系，我们很容易推断出：Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心。

三、 通过构词法

在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。 1. 根据前缀猜测词义

例如：（05江西卷E段）Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?

根据词根educational （教育的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：“男女同校教育的”意思。 2. 根据后缀猜测词义 例如：（05 广东卷E段）It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking （俯瞰） the bay in an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point.

后缀 -ise/ize意思是“使成为„;使„化”，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是：“未被商业化的”。 3. 根据复合词的各部分猜测词义 例如：（05 北京卷B段）Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well – designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions. Well-designed 或许是个生词，但我们分析该词的结构后，就能推测出其含义。它由well （好，优秀）和design （设计）两部分组成，合在一起便是“设计精巧的”意思 （04浙江卷D 段）We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft （手艺） no longer exists.

根据合成词中的mass （大量的）和produce （生产），我们可以推测 mass-produce的意思是：“大批量生产;规模生产”的意思。 综上所述，利用各种已知的信息推测判断生词词义是一项重要的阅读技能。在阅读中我们可以根据实际灵活应用上面提到的几种猜词技巧，排除生词的干扰，理解文章的思想，提高阅读速度，同时，提高我们在高考阅读理解中的得分率。 【实战演练练习四】（04广东卷 B 篇）

One-third of the people in the village are children, and only 60 are over the age of 65. Just under half of the married women in the village have access to modem equipments. 62. The underlined part “have access to” （in Para. 4） means_____. A. use B. buy C. produce D. try

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【实战演练练习五】（04湖北卷 D篇） Who is there among us who hasn’t dreamed of having his or her own small （maybe , several years later , even big ） business , and having wonderful freedom , both from a boss and from the time clock ; the freedom to make up our own rules for our work , and our own plans —arranging our own hours of work ? That way work would be both painless and fun . or , so we imagine .

Well, in fact it isn’t quite as simple as that . Yes , it is true that being the boss has its satisfactions and that you can arrange your working hours freely if you own your own small business . But in those early years of starting your own business, you shouldn’t think of a free day , not to mention flying off for a month’s vacation . It is not unusual for new business owners to work seventy or eighty hours a week , and if there is a day off , that day might need to be devoted to accounting （算账）.

But this negative picture doesn’t destroy the beautiful hopes. The possibility of getting something wonderful in return—both material and mental—continues to drive that large number of people who start up small businesses each year in the United States .

70.The expression “negative picture” most probably means “ ”. A.a terrible experience B.a poor picture

C.limited freedom D.unpleasant situations